2025년 10월 고1 모의고사 영어 변형문제 (31-42번)

Myths aren’t only stories. For example, a well-known myth that persists today is the supposed high iron ____ in spinach.

This is a legend that dates back to 1890 and originates ____ a simple miscalculation by physiologist Gustav von Bunge.

He accurately determined that 100 grams of spinach ____ 35 milligrams of iron but he was analyzing dried spinach, which held ten times more iron than the same amount of fresh leafy greens.

Although the error was swiftly corrected, the correction was just as swiftly ____

The myth had taken hold. Popeye, who gained superhuman strength from the leafy greens and defended himself with iron fists, contributed to its endurance and even today, some nearly 150 years later, parents the world over use this tale to try to persuade their children into eating the healthy ____

The technical term often used to ____ animals’ judgement of numbers is the approximate number system.

What it does not provide is ____

It shows ― and this is the ____ in every species tested ― a characteristic pattern of errors, with discrimination becoming less accurate as the quantities get bigger.

Rhesus monkeys can tell one from two, two from three, three from four, four from five ... but start ____ fail from five upwards.

Rats that learned to press a ____ a given number of times, from four up to twenty-four, became markedly less and less precise in their responses as the number increased: by the top end of the range they would merely produce a spread of numbers around the target.

It is ____ common observation that when testing the accuracy of animals’ number sense, the size of the numbers matters.

Despite the cultural trope depicting emotions as the opposite of rational thought, cognition ― what we commonly refer ____ as thinking ― is actually a key building block of emotion.

How we think about our circumstances shapes ____ emotions we experience; then those emotions echo back to influence how we think.

For instance, if you walk into a test thinking you are bad ____ taking tests, your anxiety will be increased.

Then you don’t feel good about your performance on the test, and that becomes evidence for continuing to think that you’re bad at ____ taking.

In this ____ there’s simply no pulling emotion and cognition apart.

This bi-directionality of cognition and emotion allows ____ to adjust difficult emotions by changing the way we think.

By thinking differently ― I get nervous sometimes, but I’m still a good test taker, or that nervous feeling is just excitement and anticipation, ____ means I’m ready ―you can work those pathways to your advantage.

What is the Capabilities Approach (CA), and why would lawyers passionate about animal justice ____ about it?

It is ____ to say what it is not.

The CA does not rank animals by likeness to humans or seek special privileges for those considered most “like us,” as do some other popular theoretical ____

The CA has ____ for the finch and the pig as much as the whale and the elephant.

And it argues that the human form of ____ is simply irrelevant when we think about what each type of animal needs and deserves.

____ is relevant is their own forms of life.

Just as humans seek to be able to enjoy ____ characteristic goods of a human life, so a finch seeks a finch’s life and the whale a whale’s life.

We should extend ourselves and learn, not lazily picture ____ as lesser humans, seeking a life sort of like our own.

According ____ the CA, each sentient creature should have the opportunity to flourish in the form of life characteristic for that creature.

Social media serves as an important context ____ facilitate autobiographical remembering.

Personal events posted on social media platforms are better remembered and ____ forgotten than those not posted, independent of the characteristics of the events.

This may be because sharing memories online allows individuals to rehearse and ____ sense of what happened, thus facilitating long-term memory retention.

Online feedback such as comments and likes as well as technological features such as algorithms and periodic reminders can further serve as memory cues for the posted ____ details.

As a result, event details shared on social media are likely stabilized and remembered over time, whereas those not shared may ____ inaccessible or forgotten.

Multisensory experiences are a central part of our everyday lives, yet we often take them for granted, especially when our senses function normally or are corrected ____ normal with aids like glasses.

However, closer inspection to any, even ____ most ordinary experiences, reveals the remarkable multisensory world in which we live.

Consider the experience ____ eating a regular meal.

At first, it may seem like an ordinary experience, but it is actually a ____ of the senses.

We first eat ____ our eyes, but we are also exposed to countless sensory signals that influence our eating experience such as food textures, tastes, and smells.

And it does not ____ there.

Even the sounds that come both from the atmospheres in which we eat and our interactions with the food (such as ____ and the tools we use to eat influence our eating experience.

____ children, the principle of opposites is foreign.

____ perceive words and their meanings separately from each other.

It is ____ in later development that we understood that individual words directly connect to one another.

For many children, for instance, it is not clear that ‘Right’ is the opposite of ____

A vivid example of this can ____ seen when children learn to ride a bicycle.

If parents tell their child “Don’t go to the left,” they will often find that the child will continue riding straight ahead ____ not automatically turn to the right.

The same applies to the logical connection between ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ as perceived by ____

When we were children and were told, for example, “No, don’t eat ____ your hands,” we were confused and didn’t know what our parents expected from us.

Our confusion was about whether we should continue eating or ____ and if so, how?

Only later did we recognize the connection and understand ____ we should continue eating, but not with our hands but with a fork or a spoon.

Humans are not the most ____ animal.

Ants, bees, and termites put humanity to shame on many ____ of sociality.

A wide variety of relatives live ____ with perfectly harmonious behavior and collectively care for their young.

But ____ insect colonies are impressively social places, it’s not our kind of social life.

____ always build hexagonal hives, ants march in lines, and termites move in zigzag formations.

These patterns recur predictably because they are tightly programmed ____ and propelled pheromonally.

We humans are more free, less tightly programmed genetically, so our social patterns can ____ more diverse and dynamic.

Every group dances a ____ different dance, and these choreographies change across generations.

We still think and act in ways that are in harmony with others around us, but it is ____ patterns that are more shaped by nurture, not just nature.

Those who purchase the goods of a company are ____ customers. Individuals who purchase goods for personal use are called consumers: beings who consume.

Therefore, companies have invented multiple ways to ensure that their customers consume the produced items in larger and larger quantities and ____ and more frequently.

Those who sell food have an easy time, for food is literally consumed, so there ____ always a need to purchase new food.

But with more permanent things, companies ____ invent reasons for their customers to continue to consume them.

One approach ____ to make the stuff that people already have outdated by convincing them that it is no longer fashionable.

____ entire fashion industry is built to convince people that fashion matters, so they must purchase new clothing, even though the old is still perfectly functionable.

Fashion today extends to far more things than clothes: automobiles, mobile phones, computers ― the list is extended indefinitely, limited only by the ____ of the creative minds of the marketing divisions of companies.

Kivetz, Urminsky, and Zheng partnered with a café to test the motivating effect of illusory progress in an ____

Customers received a reward card that offered one free coffee after they’d ____ ten.

While half of the customers received a card with ten open slots, the other half got a card ____ twelve open slots.

Yet the twelveslot card had two preexisting “bonus” stamps, so, strictly speaking, these were ____ reward programs.

Every ____ who got a card needed to make ten coffee purchases (and collect ten stamps) to get their free coffee.

But the appeal of the ____ stamps was high.

People who thought they’d gotten a head start came back to the café more often, filling in their reward card more quickly than ____ others.

When the card came with two out of twelve slots already filled, it felt to ____ like they were already 16 percent finished with the goal before they’d even started.

Believing they were closer to the reward, they were more motivated to reach ____ finish line.

Creativity ____ the ability to generate novel and valuable ideas.

____ involves divergent thinking, imagination, and a willingness to experiment and take risks.

While AI can be ____ powerful tool for creative efforts, it also carries the risk of limiting originality and innovation.

AI algorithms are trained on existing datasets, often identifying patterns ____ trends in past creations.

While this can be useful for generating new content in similar styles or formats, it can also ____ to derivative works that lack genuine originality.

If artists and designers rely too heavily on AI for inspiration and content generation, they may find themselves trapped ____ a cycle of imitation, unable to break free from the constraints of the AI’s training data.

Moreover, the ease with which AI can generate content can ____ the kind of struggle and experimentation that often leads to breakthroughs.

The creative process is often messy and repetitive, involving ____ failures and setbacks.

It ____ through these challenges that we refine our skills, develop our unique perspectives, and push the boundaries of what is possible.

If AI provides instant solutions, it can bypass this essential process of learning through trial and error, ultimately inhibiting the ____ of true creative talent.