2025년 10월 고1 모의고사 영어 변형문제 (31-42번)

Myths aren’t only stories. For ____ a well-known myth that persists today is the supposed high iron content in spinach.

This is a legend that dates ____ to 1890 and originates from a simple miscalculation by physiologist Gustav von Bunge.

He accurately determined that 100 grams of spinach contained 35 milligrams of iron but he was analyzing dried spinach, which held ten times more iron than the same amount of fresh ____ greens.

____ the error was swiftly corrected, the correction was just as swiftly forgotten.

The myth had taken hold. Popeye, who gained superhuman strength from the leafy greens and defended himself with iron fists, contributed to its endurance and even today, some nearly 150 years later, parents the world over use this tale to try to ____ their children into eating the healthy vegetable.

The technical term often used to describe animals’ judgement of numbers is the approximate ____ system.

What ____ does not provide is precision.

It shows ― and this is the same in every species tested ― a characteristic pattern of ____ with discrimination becoming less accurate as the quantities get bigger.

Rhesus monkeys ____ tell one from two, two from three, three from four, four from five ... but start to fail from five upwards.

Rats that learned to press a lever a given number of times, from four up to twenty-four, became markedly less and less precise in their responses as the number increased: by the top end of the range ____ would merely produce a spread of numbers around the target.

It is a common ____ that when testing the accuracy of animals’ number sense, the size of the numbers matters.

Despite the cultural trope depicting emotions as the opposite of rational thought, cognition ____ what we commonly refer to as thinking ― is actually a key building block of emotion.

How we think about our circumstances shapes the emotions we experience; then ____ emotions echo back to influence how we think.

For instance, if you walk into a test thinking you are bad at taking tests, your anxiety will ____ increased.

Then you ____ feel good about your performance on the test, and that becomes evidence for continuing to think that you’re bad at test taking.

In this ____ there’s simply no pulling emotion and cognition apart.

This ____ of cognition and emotion allows us to adjust difficult emotions by changing the way we think.

By thinking differently ― I get nervous sometimes, but I’m still a good test taker, or that nervous feeling is just excitement and anticipation, it means I’m ready ―you can ____ those pathways to your advantage.

What is the ____ Approach (CA), and why would lawyers passionate about animal justice care about it?

It ____ easy to say what it is not.

The CA does not rank animals by likeness to humans or ____ special privileges for those considered most “like us,” as do some other popular theoretical approaches.

The CA has concern for the finch and the pig ____ much as the whale and the elephant.

And it argues ____ the human form of life is simply irrelevant when we think about what each type of animal needs and deserves.

What ____ relevant is their own forms of life.

Just as humans seek to be able to enjoy the characteristic goods of a human ____ so a finch seeks a finch’s life and the whale a whale’s life.

We should extend ourselves and learn, not lazily ____ animals as lesser humans, seeking a life sort of like our own.

According to ____ CA, each sentient creature should have the opportunity to flourish in the form of life characteristic for that creature.

Social media serves as an important ____ to facilitate autobiographical remembering.

Personal events ____ on social media platforms are better remembered and less forgotten than those not posted, independent of the characteristics of the events.

This may be because sharing memories ____ allows individuals to rehearse and make sense of what happened, thus facilitating long-term memory retention.

Online feedback such as comments and likes as well as technological features such as algorithms and periodic reminders can further ____ as memory cues for the posted event details.

As a result, event details shared on social media are likely stabilized and remembered over time, whereas those not shared may become ____ or forgotten.

Multisensory experiences are a central ____ of our everyday lives, yet we often take them for granted, especially when our senses function normally or are corrected to normal with aids like glasses.

However, closer inspection to any, even the most ordinary experiences, ____ the remarkable multisensory world in which we live.

Consider the ____ of eating a regular meal.

At first, it ____ seem like an ordinary experience, but it is actually a fusion of the senses.

We first eat with our eyes, but we are also exposed to countless sensory ____ that influence our eating experience such as food textures, tastes, and smells.

____ it does not stop there.

Even the sounds that come both from the atmospheres in which we eat and our interactions ____ the food (such as chewing) and the tools we use to eat influence our eating experience.

As ____ the principle of opposites is foreign.

Children perceive words and their meanings separately from ____ other.

It is ____ in later development that we understood that individual words directly connect to one another.

For many children, for instance, it is not clear that ‘Right’ is the opposite of ____

A vivid example ____ this can be seen when children learn to ride a bicycle.

If parents tell their child “Don’t go to the left,” ____ will often find that the child will continue riding straight ahead and not automatically turn to the right.

The ____ applies to the logical connection between ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ as perceived by parents.

When we were children and were told, for example, “No, don’t eat with your hands,” we were confused and didn’t know what ____ parents expected from us.

Our confusion was about whether we should continue eating ____ not and if so, how?

Only later did we recognize the connection and understand that we should ____ eating, but not with our hands but with a fork or a spoon.

Humans are ____ the most social animal.

Ants, bees, and termites put humanity to shame on ____ metrics of sociality.

A wide variety ____ relatives live together with perfectly harmonious behavior and collectively care for their young.

But while insect colonies are impressively social places, it’s not our kind of ____ life.

Bees always build hexagonal hives, ____ march in lines, and termites move in zigzag formations.

These patterns recur predictably because they are ____ programmed genetically and propelled pheromonally.

____ humans are more free, less tightly programmed genetically, so our social patterns can be more diverse and dynamic.

Every group ____ a slightly different dance, and these choreographies change across generations.

____ still think and act in ways that are in harmony with others around us, but it is through patterns that are more shaped by nurture, not just nature.

Those who purchase the goods of a company are called customers. ____ who purchase goods for personal use are called consumers: beings who consume.

____ companies have invented multiple ways to ensure that their customers consume the produced items in larger and larger quantities and more and more frequently.

Those who sell food ____ an easy time, for food is literally consumed, so there is always a need to purchase new food.

But with more permanent ____ companies must invent reasons for their customers to continue to consume them.

One approach is to make the ____ that people already have outdated by convincing them that it is no longer fashionable.

The entire fashion industry is built to convince people that fashion matters, so they must purchase new clothing, even though the old ____ still perfectly functionable.

Fashion today extends ____ far more things than clothes: automobiles, mobile phones, computers ― the list is extended indefinitely, limited only by the limits of the creative minds of the marketing divisions of companies.

Kivetz, Urminsky, and Zheng partnered with a café to test the motivating effect ____ illusory progress in an experiment.

Customers received a reward card that offered one free coffee after they’d ____ ten.

While half of the customers received a card with ten open slots, the other ____ got a card with twelve open slots.

Yet the twelveslot card had ____ preexisting “bonus” stamps, so, strictly speaking, these were identical reward programs.

Every customer who got a card needed to make ten coffee purchases (and collect ten stamps) to get their free ____

But the ____ of the free stamps was high.

People who thought they’d gotten a head start came back to the café more often, ____ in their reward card more quickly than the others.

When the card came with two out of twelve slots already filled, it felt to customers like they ____ already 16 percent finished with the goal before they’d even started.

Believing they were closer to ____ reward, they were more motivated to reach the finish line.

Creativity is the ability to generate ____ and valuable ideas.

It involves divergent thinking, ____ and a willingness to experiment and take risks.

While AI can be a powerful tool for creative efforts, it also carries ____ risk of limiting originality and innovation.

AI algorithms are ____ on existing datasets, often identifying patterns and trends in past creations.

While this can be useful for generating new content in similar styles or formats, it can also lead ____ derivative works that lack genuine originality.

If artists and designers ____ too heavily on AI for inspiration and content generation, they may find themselves trapped in a cycle of imitation, unable to break free from the constraints of the AI’s training data.

Moreover, the ease with which AI can generate content can discourage the kind of struggle ____ experimentation that often leads to breakthroughs.

The ____ process is often messy and repetitive, involving numerous failures and setbacks.

It is through these challenges that we refine our skills, develop our unique perspectives, and ____ the boundaries of what is possible.

If AI provides instant solutions, it can bypass ____ essential process of learning through trial and error, ultimately inhibiting the development of true creative talent.