영어1 비상 홍민표 3과 영어 본문 변형문제

When Sports Meet Science

Human beings are capable ______ doing amazing things through sports.

Look at sprinters running through the field or baseballs _________ into the catcher's glove.

The precision and power they show _________ like magic.

Whatever we do on earth, however, _______ governed by the rules of nature.

In fact, science can ___________ a lot about the magic in sports.

How Fast Can a Human Run 100 Meters?

Usain Bolt, the Jamaican sprinter, ___________ the world record for the 100-meter sprint in 2009, clocking a time of 9.58 seconds.

Animals like the adult cheetah can run 100 meters in about six __________.

So what is the limit _______ how fast a human can run 100 meters?

Sports scientists say that sprinters' speed is ____________ by how hard they hit the ground with their feet and by how many steps they take.

Cheetahs do not hit the ground as hard as humans, but they can _________ twice as many steps as we do.

This is __________ they can run fast.

The problem for humans is that the harder they hit the ground, the __________ time they spend in the air, which makes their steps longer but reduces the number of steps they can take.

Therefore, maximum running speed is attained when the combination of force applied to the ground and stride frequency is ___________.

Unfortunately, this combination also depends on the runner's size, leg length, and other factors that __________ among individuals.

Many experts predict, however, __________ a human being could probably run the 100-meter sprint in just over nine seconds.

다음 중 밑줄 친 do가 의미하는 단어를 찾아 쓰시오.

Maybe future technology will help runners run even faster than they do today.

Why Do Curlers Sweep the Ice?

"Hurry! Hurry up!" Two people with brooms furiously sweep the ice in front of a rock that slides across a __________ of ice.

"Whoa!" The sweepers stop as the rock __________ into the house.

"Nice job!" All four players bump fists _____________ success.

Have you ___________ the sport? It's called curling.

One might ____________ that a curling stone sliding across the ice would continue in a straight line according to Newton's first law of motion.

However, the stone will begin to curl when it loses its speed ______________ it is three or four times as heavy as a bowling ball.

This is ___________ players have to direct the stone's path carefully, and they do this by sweeping.

By rubbing the ice with the broom, the sweepers are _____________ heat to reduce friction between the stone and the ice.

This results in the stone __________ straighter and farther.

If the sweepers stop, the stone ___________ to curl again.

Although the house—the area where the curlers aim the stone—is often blocked by an opponent's stone, curling teams can actually guide one stone behind another, __________ is one of the major strategic elements to the game.

The _____________ with which the team can control the direction and speed of the stone is a major factor in the strategy of the game.

Why Does a Baseball Have Stitches?

The ____________ swings and hits a foul ball into the stands.

You reach up with your glove and catch it as other spectators ________ and cheer.

You look at the baseball with its smooth ___________ covering and bright red stitches.

Do the stitches serve a ____________ other than to keep the leather covering over the ball?

A ___________ baseball has 108 double hand stitches.

They serve more than just a _____________ function.

The stitches on a baseball actually __________ the flight of the ball.

Without them, a pitcher couldn't throw it as fast or as ___________.

When a round object like a ball ____________, the front part of the ball hits the air, increasing the air pressure there while the air becomes thinner at the back of the ball, making the air pressure low.

This difference in air pressure creates an unwanted effect called "drag" that literally drags the ball backward and ___________ it down.

This is _________ the stitches come into play.

The stitches more or less __________ the air and direct it inwards towards the back of the ball.

This effectively increases the net air pressure at the back of the ball, __________ reduces the drag.

Further, as a baseball _____________, the pitcher can put spin on the ball.

As the ball spins, the stitches help the ball to fly in the direction the pitcher ____________.