2025년 9월 고2 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

Paradoxically, it’s uncertainty that ____ us feel most alive.

____ of events that shake you out of your everyday routine: maybe attending a family wedding, making a big presentation, or going somewhere you’ve never been.

It’s on those occasions that time seems to ____ down a little, and you feel more fully engaged.

The same holds true if the experience is risky, like ____ climbing or parasailing.

Your senses are sharper. ____ notice more.

Thanks to the release of a feel-good chemical in the ____ called dopamine, you get a greater rush of pleasure from chance encounters with people than planned meetings.

____ news, financial rewards, and gifts are more enjoyable if they are surprises.

It’s why the most popular ____ shows and movies are the ones with unexpected plot twists and astonishing endings.

A great strength of the market mechanism is that there are incentives for individuals to reveal their ____ through their behavior.

This ____ in contrast to many strategic situations―for example, in political negotiations― in which it is wise not to let the other side know what one’s true preferences or production capacities are.

A perfectly competitive market that clears on the spot leaves no ____ for such strategies.

If prices are not ____ many models assume―individuals adapt their behavior instantaneously, whenever their preferences or the circumstances change.

They stop buying items that do not satisfy their needs and stop selling items that do not provide them with optimal gains, ____ switching to the production of other items.

If they have motivational problems, for example, falling into denial about the fact that there is no demand for their products, ____ reveal to them, sometimes in quite brutal ways, that they better accept this fact.

____ definitions are constantly revised to keep up with our changing uses and knowledge.

In Roman times, “addicts” were people who were unable to pay their debts and ____ themselves as slaves to their creditors.

The word eventually came to be associated with drug dependency: one ____ a slave to one’s addiction.

The word “husband” ____ referred to being a homeowner; it had nothing to do with being married.

But because owning your own property made it more likely you’d find a mate, the word ____ came to mean a male who has been wed.

On November 5th, 1605, Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the ____ Parliament.

He was captured and put to death. ____ burned his effigy, which they nicknamed the “guy.”

Centuries later, the word ____ its negative connotation and a musical named Guys and Dolls ran on Broadway.

In American slang, bad means ____, cool means great, and wicked means excellent.

If you could transport yourself one hundred years into the future, you’d find yourself confused by your great-grandchildren’s ____ because language itself is an ever-changing reflection of human invention.

The term “anchoring” was ____ by Roland Barthes who observed that text is often used next to images (his focus was on photographs) to confine meaning.

Of all possible literal or ____ interpretations an image could elicit, text would point the viewer towards a desired, specific direction.

In advertising, as Barthes argues, the symbolic message does not guide ____ but interpretation.

The viewer is not asked to ____ what they see but to understand why they see it and what it means to them.

By combining images with text, ____ produces symbolic meaning that is accurate and specific on the one hand, richer on the other, thus adding depth and eliminating breadth of rational and emotional interpretations.

The headline or tagline of an ad directs the reader through the ____ meanings of the image, so that the reader avoids some and receives others.

It “remote-controls” the reader towards a ____ chosen in advance.

According to Einstein’s theory, a large mass like the Sun ‘____’ space-time.

____ theory makes no such prediction.

This bending of space-time leads to phenomena such as ‘gravitational lensing’ where the light of distant stars appears to be in different ____ when they pass by a large mass like the Sun.

We don’t normally see this lensing because stars aren’t visible during the day when the Sun is out, but a solar eclipse in ____ allowed scientists to observe what the Sun’s gravity was doing to the light from distant stars.

The stars around the Sun ____ to have moved from their normal positions in the night sky.

The ____ was much larger than Newton’s theory predicted, but exactly in the positions predicted by Einstein’s theory.

We’re naturally wired to organize the ____ into a hierarchy.

We do this to help make sense of the world, ____ our beliefs, and generally feel better.

But when someone infringes on our place in the ____ and our understanding of how it works, we react without thinking.

When someone cuts you off on the highway and road rage kicks in, that’s your ____ mind saying, “Who are you to cut me off?”

You’re reacting to a threat to your inherent sense of ____.

On the road we are all equals. We’re ____ supposed to play by the same rules.

____ someone off violates those rules and implies higher status.

Or consider when you get frustrated with your kids and end an argument with “____ I said so.” (Or the office equivalent: “Because I’m the boss.”)

In these moments you’ve stopped thinking and regressed to your biological tendencies of ____ the hierarchy.

Once a nail is ____ in, it is friction that holds it in place.

Friction is the force that arises when two surfaces are sliding, or trying to slide, against each ____.

If you try to pull apart two blocks of ____ that have been nailed together, the wood fibers grip the shaft of the nail.

The nail feels a force ____ to rip it apart along its length, and we call that force tension.

Your experiment can now fail in one of two ways-either the nail stretches and splits in half because the tension force is too large for the nail, or the nail comes loose because the friction force is ____.

The force it would take to stretch the nail is much larger than the friction forces on the surface, so we don’t have to worry too much ____ the former.

It’s the friction with which we ____ to concern ourselves.

The traditional bank manager in the 1950s was usually a respected pillar of the community, a cautious, careful sort of person ____ probably went to bed early and didn’t drink too much.

But from the 1970s a ____ kind of banker appeared-loud, flashy, and arrogant.

____ bankers loved taking big risks.

They wanted to get rich quick and blow their ____ on fast cars and expensive champagne.

They made their money through what’s ____ ‘speculation’.

Normally, people buy things because they want to use ____, such as wheat to make bread and petrol to run the car.

But when people speculate, they buy things even when they have no interest in ____ them.

They might buy a load of wheat simply because they think that its price is going to ____ when a drought is predicted in wheat-growing areas.

If their guess is right, they later ____ the wheat for a profit.

Paper’s ____ properties lend themselves to folding and bending.

The cellulose fibers of which it is made can be ____ snapped in the area of maximum bend, allowing a permanent crease to form, while sufficient fibers remain undamaged for the material not to crack and fall apart.

Indeed, in this state it pretty much maintains its ability to resist being pulled apart, but it can also be torn easily and accurately along the crease if a point of weakness―a small, ____ tear―is opened up.

This ____ combination of mechanical properties allows it to assume the shape of any object through creasing and folding―hence the art of origami.

There are very few materials as ____: metal foils can hold a crease, but control of the crease is somewhat more difficult.

Plastic sheeting doesn’t tend to hold a crease at all, unless it is ____ soft, in which case it lacks the rigidity required of a good wrapping material.

So it is its ability to hold a crease while remaining stiff that makes paper ____ suited to this purpose.

Mother cats can tell which kittens belong to them-when litters are mixed up they use their kittens’ scent to distinguish them from ____ of other mothers.

Despite this, when faced with a selection of kittens who have wandered from the nest, her own and others that aren’t hers, a mother ____ doesn’t appear to favor her own offspring when retrieving them.

The reason for this is uncertain, although distress vocalizations from kittens that are lost from their nest are known to be very powerful, so it may just be hard for the mother to resist ____ them, regardless of whether they are hers.

In the wild, a squeaking kitten out in the open is likely to attract predators, which is bad ____ for any other kittens around it.

A rapid rescue of any crying kitten would be a good strategy to prevent them from drawing unwanted ____.

Many animals pursue a mixed strategy of accumulating both body fat and food, which leads one to ask, “What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of these two forms of energy ____?”

Maximum fat deposition ____ with body mass whereas maximum food storage is not constrained by body size.

This means that animals, especially small animals, can accumulate much greater energy ____ in the form of stored food than they can in the form of body fat.

Further, stored food is more economical than body fat because fat contributes to ____ mass, and metabolic rate increases with body mass.

In other words, there is a metabolic expense to maintaining ____.

Excessive fat accumulations may also have a negative effect on an animal’s ____ to avoid predators.

And, if maintaining a high body temperature is advantageous, animals might be ____ to accumulate more energy in the form of a food store than as body fat.

On the other hand, stored food may rot over ____, may be removed by robbers, or may simply be lost.

Many ____ must expend energy managing and protecting their food stores.

Eating ____ and converting it to fat avoids these types of losses and the energetic costs of managing stored food.

A large accumulation of body fat adds to an ____ fasting capacity, especially large animals, permitting some animals to enter prolonged dormancy in the relative security of a hibernaculum.

Thus, both fat accumulation and food storage ____ some decided advantages.